In the following list, senators are assigned separate scores for their roll-call votes on key economic, social, and foreign-policy issues during 2011. The senators are rated in each of the three issue categories on both liberal and conservative scales, with the scores on each scale given as percentiles. An economic score of 93 on the conservative scale, for example, means that the senator was more conservative than 93 percent of his or her Senate colleagues on the key votes in that issue area during 2011. An asterisk [*] means that the senator missed more than half of the rated votes in an issue area. Composite scores are calculated based on the issue-based scores. Members with the same composite scores are tied in rank.

(Key: Member Is More Liberal Than_Percent Of Senate On These Issues: Economic, Social, Foreign; Member Is More Conservative Than_Percent Of Senate On These Issues: Economic, Social, Foreign; Composite Score (Rank In Senate)/Liberal, Composite Score (Rank In Senate)/Conservative)

Member: Alabama

Jeff Sessions, R: 6, 12, 26, 93, 83, 71, 16.2 (89th), 83.8 (12th)

Richard Shelby, R: 22, 12, 32, 77, 83, 66, 23.3 (74th), 76.7 (26th) 

Member: Alaska

Mark Begich, D: 62, 52, 65, 36, 0, 33, 68.3 (42nd), 31.7 (59th)

Lisa Murkowski, R: 42, 46, 34, 57, 53, 65, 41.2 (57th), 58.8 (44th)

 

Member: Arizona

Jon Kyl, R: 12, 38, 6, 86, 60, 89, 20.2 (82nd), 79.8 (19th)

John McCain, R: 7, 40, 6, 92, 59, 89, 18.8 (85th), 81.2 (16th) 

Member: Arkansas

John Boozman, R: 19, 12, 29, 79, 83, 70, 21.3 (78th), 78.7 (22nd)

Mark Pryor, D: 53, 47, 50, 46, 51, 49, 50.7 (52nd), 49.3 (49th)

 

Member: California

Barbara Boxer, D: 81, 52, 92, 12, 0, 0, 85.5 (5th), 14.5 (92nd)

Dianne Feinstein, D: 81, 52, 76, 12, 0, 17, 80.0 (15th), 20.0 (85th)

 

Member: Colorado

Michael Bennet, D: 59, 52, 68, 40, 0, 26, 68.8 (40th), 31.2 (61st)

Mark Udall, D: 60, 52, 76, 39, 0, 17, 72.0 (30th), 28.0 (71st)

 

Member: Connecticut

Richard Blumenthal, D: 69, 52, 60, 25, 0, 39, 69.5 (37th), 30.5 (63rd)

Joe Lieberman, ID: 51, 52, 45, 48, 0, 54, 57.7 (51st), 42.3 (50th)

 

Member: Delaware

Thomas Carper, D: 64, 52, 68, 35, 0, 26, 70.5 (33rd), 29.5 (68th)

Christopher Coons, D: 69, 52, 83, 25, 0, 14, 77.5 (21st), 22.5 (80th)

Member: Florida

Bill Nelson, D: 56, 52, 55, 41, 0, 41, 63.5 (46th), 36.5 (55th)

Marco Rubio, R: 25, 0, 16, 74, 88, 79, 16.7 (88th), 83.3 (13th)

Member: Georgia

Saxby Chambliss, R: 21, 20, 26, 78, 78, 71, 23.3 (74th), 76.7 (26th)

Johnny Isakson, R: 18, 20, 37, 81, 78, 61, 25.8 (68th), 74.2 (33rd)

Member: Hawaii

Daniel Akaka, D: 88, 52, 87, 0, 0, 8, 86.5 (3rd), 13.5 (97th)

Daniel Inouye, D: 88, 52, 51, 0, 0, 48, 73.8 (26th), 26.2 (75th)

Member: Idaho

Mike Crapo, R: 0, 0, 16, 94, 88, 79, 9.2 (98th), 90.8 (3rd)

James Risch, R: 9, 0, 16, 90, 88, 79, 11.3 (93rd), 88.7 (7th)

Member: Illinois

Dick Durbin, D: 88, 52, 87, 0, 0, 8, 86.5 (3rd), 13.5 (97th)

Mark Kirk, R: 37, 42, 39, 62, 56, 60, 40.0 (58th), 60.0 (43rd)

Member: Indiana

Dan Coats, R: 30, 12, 23, 68, 83, 76, 23.0 (76th), 77.0 (25th)

Richard Lugar, R: 30, 41, 24, 68, 58, 74, 32.5 (64th), 67.5 (37th)

Member: Iowa

Chuck Grassley, R: 10, 22, 26, 88, 75, 71, 20.7 (81st), 79.3 (20th)

Tom Harkin, D: 81, 52, 92, 12, 0, 0, 85.5 (5th), 14.5 (92nd)

Member: Kansas

Jerry Moran, R: 38, 0, 31, 61, 88, 68, 25.3 (70th), 74.7 (30th)

Pat Roberts, R: 32, 19, 21, 67, 80, 78, 24.5 (72nd), 75.5 (29th)

Member: Kentucky

Mitch McConnell, R: 10, 22, 6, 88, 75, 89, 14.3 (90th), 85.7 (11th)

Rand Paul, R: 28, 0, 42, 71, 88, 57, 25.7 (69th), 74.3 (32nd)

Member: Louisiana

Mary Landrieu, D: 55, 52, 52, 44, 0, 47, 61.3 (47th), 38.7 (54th)

David Vitter, R: 23, 0, 0, 75, 88, 94, 11.0 (95th), 89.0 (6th)

Member: Maine

Susan Collins, R: 46, 44, 47, 53, 54, 52, 46.3 (54th), 53.7 (47th)

Olympia Snowe, R: 45, 42, 46, 54, 56, 53, 45.0 (55th), 55.0 (46th)

Member: Maryland

Ben Cardin, D: 81, 52, 87, 12, 0, 8, 83.3 (10th), 16.7 (91st)

Barbara Mikulski, D: 88, 52, 86, 0 0, 13, 85.5 (5th), 14.5 (92nd)

member: Massachusetts

Scott Brown, R: 44, 44, 44, 55, 54, 55, 44.7 (56th), 55.3 (45th)

John Kerry, D: 78, 52, 68, 21, 0, 26, 75.2 (24th), 24.8 (77th)

Member: Michigan

Carl Levin, D: 69, 50, 54, 25, 48, 45, 59.2 (49th), 40.8 (52nd)

Debbie Stabenow, D: 88, 52, 55, 0, 0, 41, 75.7 (22nd), 24.3 (78th)

Member: Minnesota

Al Franken, D: 69, 52, 92, 25, 0, 0, 81.3 (13th), 18.7 (88th)

Amy Klobuchar, D: 54, 52, 76, 45, 0, 17, 70.0 (34th), 30.0 (67th)

Member: Mississippi

Thad Cochran, R: 40 29, 40, 58, 68, 59, 37.3 (60th), 62.7 (41st)

Roger Wicker, R: 33, 17, 32, 66, 81, 66, 28.2 (67th), 71.8 (34th)

Member: Missouri

Roy Blunt, R: 43, 33, 30, 56, 64, 69, 36.2 (61st), 63.8 (40th)

Claire McCaskill, D: 49 52, 48, 50, 0, 51, 58.0 (50th), 42.0 (51st)

Member: Montana

Max Baucus, D: 68, 47, 74, 31, 51, 24, 63.8 (45th), 36.2 (56th)

Jon Tester, D: 50, 52, 76, 49, 0 17, 68.7 (41st), 31.3 (60th)

 

member: Nebraska

Mike Johanns, R: 35, 33, 36, 64, 64, 63, 35.5 (62nd), 64.5 (39th)

Ben Nelson, D: 47, 49, 49, 52, 50, 50, 48.8 (53th), 51.2 (48th)

Member: Nevada

John Ensign, R: *, *, *, *, * *, *, *

Dean Heller, R: 29, 0, 35, 70, 88, 64, 23.7 (73rd), 76.3 (28th)

Harry Reid, D: 88, 50, 87, 0, 48, 8, 78.2 (18th), 21.8 (83rd)

Member: New Hampshire

Kelly Ayotte, R: 12, 25, 16, 86, 73, 79, 19.2 (84th), 80.8 (17th)

Jeanne Shaheen, D: 62, 52, 61, 36, 0, 38, 66.8 (43rd), 33.2 (58th)

Member: New Jersey

Frank Lautenberg, D: 75, 52, 87, 22, 0, 8, 80.7 (14th), 19.3 (87th)

Robert Menendez, D: 66, 52 68, 33, 0, 26, 71.2 (31st), 28.8 (70th)

Member: New Mexico

Jeff Bingaman, D: 67, 52, 76, 32, 0, 17, 74.3 (25th), 25.7 (76th)

Tom Udall, D: 81, 52, 92, 12, 0, 0, 85.5 (5th), 14.5 (92nd)

Member: New York

Kirsten Gillibrand, D: 88, 52, 92 0, 0, 0, 88.7 (1st), 11.3 (99th)

Chuck Schumer, D: 79, 52, 83, 20, 0, 14, 80.0 (15th), 20.0 (85th)

Member: North Carolina

Richard Burr, R: 0, 0, 24, 94, 88, 74, 11.3 (93rd), 88.7 (7th)

Kay Hagan, D: 56, 52, 76, 41, 0, 17, 71.0 (32nd), 29.0 (69th)

Member: North Dakota

Kent Conrad, D: 69, 52, 59, 25, 0, 40, 69.2 (39th), 30.8 (62nd)

John Hoeven, R: 39, 17, 37, 60, 81, 61, 31.8 (65th), 68.2 (36th)

Member: Ohio

Sherrod Brown, D: 81, 52, 92, 12, 0, 0, 85.5 (5th), 14.5 (92nd)

Rob Portman, R: 17, 29, 41, 82, 68, 58, 29.8 (66th), 70.2 (35th)

Member: Oklahoma

Tom Coburn, R: 0, 0, 0, 94, 88, 94, 4.0 (100th), 96.0 (1st)

James Inhofe, R: 14, 0, 13, 85, 88, 85, 11.5 (92nd), 88.5 (9th)

Member: Oregon

Jeff Merkley, D: 88, 52, 92, 0, 0, 0, 88.7 (1st), 11.3 (99th)

Ron Wyden, D: 81, 52, 74, 12, 0, 24, 78.5 (17th), 21.5 (84th)

Member: Pennsylvania

Robert Casey, D: 80, 52, 62, 19, 0, 35, 73.3 (27th), 26.7 (74th)

Pat Toomey, R: 23, 32, 0, 75, 67, 94, 19.8 (83rd), 80.2 (18th)

Member: Rhode Island

Jack Reed, D: 88, 52, 62, 0, 0, 35, 77.8 (19th), 22.2 (81st)

Sheldon Whitehouse, D: 88, 52, 62, 0, 0, 35, 77.8 (19th), 22.2 (81st)

Member: South Carolina

Jim DeMint, R: 26, 0, 6, 72, 88, 89, 13.8 (91st), 86.2 (10th)

Lindsey Graham, R: 36, 37, 43, 63, 62, 56, 39.2 (59th), 60.8 (42nd)

Member: South Dakota

Tim Johnson, D: 69, 52, 68, 25, 0, 26, 73.0 (28th), 27.0 (73rd)

John Thune, R: 15 33, 15, 83, 64, 84, 22.0 (77th), 78.0 (24th)

Member: Tennessee

Lamar Alexander, R: 40, 38, 16, 58, 60, 79, 32.8 (63rd), 67.2 (38th)

Bob Corker, R: 19, 29, 12, 79, 68, 87, 21.0 (80th), 79.0 (21st)

Member: Texas

John Cornyn, R: 0, 36, 11, 94, 63, 88, 17.0 (87th), 83.0 (14th)

Kay Bailey Hutchison, R: 34, 27, 13, 65, 72, 85, 25.3 (70th), 74.7 (30th)

Member: Utah

Orrin Hatch, R: 15, 28, 6, 83, 71, 89, 17.7 (86th), 82.3 (15th)

Mike Lee, R: 26, 12, 22, 72, 83, 77, 21.3 (78th), 78.7 (22nd)

Member: Vermont

Patrick Leahy, D: 88, 52 76, 0, 0, 17, 83.2 (11th), 16.8 (90th)

Bernie Sanders, I: 56, 52, 83, 41, 0, 14, 72.7 (29th), 27.3 (72nd)

Member: Virginia

Mark Warner, D: 61, 52, 68, 38, 0, 26, 69.5 (37th), 30.5 (63rd)

Jim Webb, D: 52, 52, 65, 47, 0, 33, 64.8 (44th), 35.2 (57th)

 

Member: Washington

Maria Cantwell, D: 75, 52, 55, 22, 0, 41, 69.8 (35th), 30.2 (66th)

Patty Murray, D: 88, 52, 55, 0, 0, 41, 75.7 (22nd), 24.3 (78th)

Member: West Virginia

Joe Manchin, D: 48, 52, 53, 51, 0, 46, 59.3 (48th), 40.7 (53rd)

Jay Rockefeller, D: 75, 52, 92, 22, 0, 0, 82.8 (12th), 17.2 (89th)

Member: Wisconsin

Ron Johnson, R: 8, 0, 0, 91, 88, 94, 5.8 (99th), 94.2 (2nd)

Herb Kohl, D: 65, 52, 67, 34, 0, 32, 69.7 (36th), 30.3 (65th)

Member: Wyoming

John Barrasso, R: 0, 25, 0, 94, 73, 94, 10.7 (96th), 89.3 (5th)

Michael Enzi, R: 0, 22, 0, 94, 75, 94, 9.8 (97th), 90.2 (4th)

 

*John Ensign does not have scores for 2011 because he missed more than half of the rated votes in an issue area.

NOTE: Senators with the same composite scores are tied in rank. The lowest rank in the Senate is 100th on the liberal scale and 99th on the conservative scale because of ties.

This article appears in the Feb. 25, 2012, edition of National Journal.

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